That s why shadows exist.
Light goes through walls unity.
On why there is still a slight light in your scene despite the walls that s unity s environment lighting.
You can simulate this in shaders or use raycasts to see if the light is behind a wall.
Shadows are the obvious answer however i assume you are using lite and that s not an option.
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Create a unity primitive cube plane etc sized similarly to your wall remove its collider and in the mesh renderer properties set it to shadows only.
These are lit up by the directional light which comes with new scenes automatically.
In that case you ll need to be a bit more clever.
Open window lighting scene and turn the ambient intensity to 0 and reflection intensity to 0 to get rid of the default ambient lighting.
You ll notice the walls have a greater gradient of color now.
I am in a room where there is no light and i can see the light coming from the next.
Then click on your light click on the culling mask dropdown then uncheck the layer the object is on.
The layers are the dropdown box in the upper right of the inspector.
This also lowers the performance cost of lighting.
Unity can set it and forget it rather than continuously having to readjust the lighting effects.
Since you re using unity free put the plane on a specific layer.
These options have obvious edge cases that can t be easily resolved.
Is there a way to stop the light going through walls.
Now the light will not affect the object.
Place it just behind your wall so that it blocks the light from leaking out.